When is picric acid explosive




















A direct splash of picric acid solution into the eye can cause corneal injury. In one person occupationally exposed by inhalation, signs and symptoms included temporary coma, weakness, myalgias, and kidney injury manifested as anuria and then polyuria. Ingestion of grams of picric acid results in a bitter taste in the mouth, vertigo, headache, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, a yellowish skin discoloration, erythrocyte lysis, and hepatic and kidney injuries including hemorrhagic nephritis.

Picric acid was positive in the Ames salmonella assay for mutagenicity when metabolic activation was present. It has also been reported to be non-mutagenic in the Ames test. Those contradictory results did not allow to draw a conclusion on picric acid mutagenicity. Picric acid has produced contradictory effects in various assays for genotoxicity, being positive in some and negative in others. A review by a committee of the Health Council of the Netherlands in , did not find published data on long-term toxicity, carcinogenicity, or reproductive toxicity.

Alan H. Hall, M. Picric acid : Understanding specific chemicals hazard 5 November Introduction and stories Picric acid is a yellowish crystalline solid. With direct contact, picric acid causes a yellowish staining of the hair and skin pseudo-jaundice which was common in workers when picric acid was used as an explosive in munitions production. Sailors on US Navy ships anchored in a harbor in Japan at the conclusion of WWII developed hematuria, presumed to be due to drinking water made from sea water after a large amount of picric acid-containing munitions were dumped into the harbor.

Picric acid has been said to be readily absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes. Picric acid is an effective inhibitor of photosynthetic electron transport in plants. It can serve as a nitrate source for certain bacteria.

Picric acid as a hematoxylin basic fuschin picric acid method has been used for the identification of early myocardial infarction during autopsies. A little bit of chemistry Picric acid is a phenolic compound, also known as 2,4,6-trinitrophenol. Comparison of the haematoxylin basic fuschin picric acid method and the fluorescence of haematoxylin and eosin stained sections for the identification of early myocardial infarction.

J Clin Pathol ; 36 6 Behrend C, Heesche-Wagner K. Formation of hydride-Meisenheimer complexes of picric acid 2,4,6-trinitrophenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol during mineralization of picric acid by Nocardioides strain CB Picrate salts are formed by the reaction of picric acid with any of the following: metals, metal salts, bases, ammonia, and concrete. Many of these salts are even more reactive and shock sensitive than the acid itself. Metal picrates are particularly sensitive and can be formed with metals such as copper, nickel, lead, iron, and zinc.

Calcium picrate is formed by the reaction of picric acid with concrete. Bottles of picric acid left on a laboratory shelf over a period of years are particularly dangerous for 2 reasons.

Consider either of these situations extremely serious: The acid, which usually exists as a wetted paste, may dry out and cause the formation of shock-sensitive acid crystals. Introduction of impurities e. The dangers of this kind of situation are twofold.

First, the acid, which usually exists as a wetted paste, may dry out causing the formation of the shock sensitive acid crystals mentioned above. The second hazard possibility arises from the introduction of impurities into bottles that have been previously opened and are no longer airtight. These could bring about the formation of picrate salts inside the bottle or within the threads of the lid. Either of these situations should be considered extremely serious and handled accordingly.

If old or previously unaccounted for bottles of picric acid are discovered, the following steps should be taken. These situations are easily prevented by establishing an inventory of all laboratory chemicals.

The inventory should include full identification of the product, the quantity on hand, expiration dates where applicable and notes on the particular concerns for each product. This list should be reviewed regularly and expired chemicals disposed of according to appropriate environmental le-gislation. The shelf life of picric acid can be extended significantly by adding water to the container on a regular basis.

This prevents the product from drying out and inhibits the formation of picrates. Some companies recommend that picric acid be disposed of after 2 years and propose the following storage guidelines:.

There are several acceptable ways of disposing of old picric acid. The safest, however, is to let explosives' experts such as a local bomb disposal unit, handle the situation. In response, we have issued some transportation-related measures and guidance. Please check if any of these measures apply to you.



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